Workshops

Chair(s):

• Dr. Milene Gonçalves (Delft University of Technology, NLD)
• (with the participation of Ir. Katrina Heijne, as the creative facilitator, Delft University of Technology, NLD)

Organised by: DS Design Creativity SIG

Workshop description:

We can trace the origins of scientific creativity research back to the moment when Guilford gave his acceptance speech as the new president of the American Psychological Association. From that speech onwards, the study of creativity has become a respectable scientific field and sparked the interest of many researchers, including us in the present moment. Surprisingly, it is also from that point onwards that a divide started to emerge between the theoretical study of creativity and its practice and implementation. On one hand, scientific research, first on Psychology, then in Engineering and Design (among many other fields), has been very prolific in understanding, describing and explaining phenomena related to the creation of ideas; on the other hand, the American Buffallo Creative Problem Solving Institute (CPSI) and the subsequent European Integrated Creative Problem Solving (ICPS) have burst forward with their own developments on practical approaches to come up with ideas.

However, very little overlap exists between these two communities. Even though they had the same starting point, theory and practice tend to distance themselves, sometimes even disagreeing on certain topics, or not keeping updated on the other community’s developments. This results in a potentially enormous loss of shared knowledge.

The motivation for this workshop is then to bridge creativity practice and theory, by facilitating in a creative session the translation of commonalities and differences that might exist in the two communities. Creative facilitation is a particularly relevant topic to focus on, considering that very few studies have shed light in understanding the nuances of facilitation and its influence on the creation of ideas in teams.

As such, we have the following goal: Explore in which ways can creativity theory and practice learn from each other, specifically during creative facilitation practices.

Workshop activities:

1. Creative facilitation session: A number of participants (the resource group) will experience first-hand a creative session, ran by a professional facilitator, while others will take the role of observers, highlighting creativity phenomena that emerges. Special attention should be taken on the role and behaviour of the creative facilitator and the resource group [1h30].
2. Group reflection: depending on the number of participants, the size of the groups will be formed accordingly [30 min].
3. Plenary discussion, to define a research agenda [30 min].

Expected outcome: The potential outcome of the workshop is three-folded:

1. Creation of a research agenda, which pinpoints possible gaps in knowledge coming from theory and practice.
2. A report with the main findings and recommendations for following workshops.
3. A follow-up publication, to be submitted in the IJDCI.

Chairs:

• Prof. Kilian Gericke (University of Rostock, DEU)
• Prof. Claudia Eckert (Open University, GBR)

Organised by: DS Design Process SIG

Workshop description:

In the last decades product development processes were dominated by a stage-gate paradigm. As technology and products have evolved, the composition of teams and required expertise have changed and many company think that stage-gate processes are no longer appropriate or sufficient to manage design processes in the available time and with the available resources.

New management approaches such as agile development, scaled agile, dev-ops seem to offer solutions to problems encountered in stage-gate environments. However, they also have their own limitations especially when used in a new context.

We would like to invite practitioners and researchers to participate in this workshop to discuss the future trends of product development processes. We aim to initiate an exchange between participants and want to discuss experiences and observations. The workshop will address our current understanding of different approaches for managing product development processes including their individual strengths and limitations.

Workshop plan:

• Presentation of SIG activities (10 min)
• Introduction of participants (30 min)
• 1-2 short presentations on the topic (40 min total)
• 15 min presentation + 5 min questions
• Challenges of current process modelling and management paradigms (30min)
• Workshop on experiences and trends in industry (60 min)
• Closing & next steps (10 min)

Chairs:

• Dr. Yuri Borgianni (Free University of Bozen|Bolzano, ITA)
• Dr. Jeremy Faludi (Delft University of Technology, NLD)
• Dr. Sophie Hallstedt (Blekinge Institute of Technology, SWE)
• Dr. Steven Hoffenson (Stevens Institute of Technology, USA)
• Dr. Daniela Pigosso (Technical University of Denmark, DEN)
• Dr. Serena Graziosi (Politecnico di Milano, ITA)
• Dr. Nicholas Meisel (Pennsylvania State University, USA)
• Dr. Tino Stanković (ETH Zurich,SUI)

Organised by: DS Sustainable Design and Design for Additive Manufacturing SIGs

Workshop description:

Recent advances in digital fabrication are expanding the limits of fabricable real-world designs. They also strengthen the need for novel Additive Manufacturing (AM) technologies for applications across all length scales and fields, from fundamental science to engineering practice. However, although AM technology development is gaining attention, how designers should exploit the advancements in digital fabrication to design for sustainability has not yet been sufficiently explored in the design research field. So far, the literature limits itself mostly to successful applications of AM technologies and computational approaches to design complex lightweight parts, where AM provides an environmental benefit.

However, AM has sometimes higher environmental impacts than conventional manufacturing, and designers lack guidance on when AM is beneficial or harmful, and how to improve it. Although AM light-weighting applications are commendable and their purpose seems easy to justify, their impact on sustainability still depends on the application context and the remaining implications for the sustainable development goals. We are enjoying the design freedom allowed by AM technologies, but we are not giving the same priority to understanding how our Design for AM decisions are influencing the environmental impact of the product we are designing. The social and labor impacts of AM are even more unclear.

This lack of emphasis on sustainability is also a consequence of AM materials and technologies' rapid and continuous evolution. We are more focused on exploring their design potential rather than understanding when it is worth adopting them and how much resources are necessary. Besides, the digital transformation, where AM plays a fundamental role, has shortened development processes: making informed design decisions is becoming even more challenging. In such an era of responsibility, how should design tools evolve to support Design for AM experts in understanding the environmental impact of their choices?

The key questions:

1. How should we redesign AM processes and materials for sustainability?
2. How should we track impacts of AM, sustainable design approaches? How do we know (predict) whether our decisions are beneficial?
3. Do we need new design tools to support sustainable Design for AM decisions?
4. What is the role of the designer in AM for sustainable design?

With these key questions in mind, we have structured the workshop in order to:

• Provide the collaboration points for both Sustainable Design and DfAM SIG communities, as well as other interested members of the DS
• Discuss the opportunities to design for sustainability using AM.
• Discuss a reference point to establish the requirements needed to support sustainable Design for AM.
• Gather and process data from a case study in which the workshop participants will be asked to redesign (or assess) AM parts from a sustainability point of view.

During the workshop, the participants will discuss and propose answers to the guided questions. The discussion will be fostered by a series of design talks on the state-of-the-art in related topics. Participants will be asked to engage in the redesign case study, looking from a sustainability point of view. They will be invited to share their experiences on the use of AM for sustainable design. Participants will also be stimulated to reflect on how AM for sustainable design will impact the engineering design field in the future and how it changes the way design engineers should consider DfAM and their role in the design process.

Chairs:

• Dr. Laura Hay (University of Strathclyde, GBR)
• Dr. Phillip Cash (Technical University of Denmark, DEN)

Organised by: DS Cognitive Design Science SIG

Workshop description:

Increasing attention is being paid to the potential of neurocognitive methods for analysing design work, reflected in a proliferation of ‘neuro-‘ articles, special issues, conference tracks, and Special Interest Groups. However, while enthusiasm for such novel methods is evident, and their potential distinct from traditional approaches, a critical lack of clarity remains regarding what scientific and design practice questions such methods can and should be used to answer.

Such methods face major challenges in their implementation, interpretation, and cost. These demand robust justification for their efficacy, beyond traditional approaches, and pose a question of when and where such methods can best be used to contribute to design knowledge. Without this clarity in when, where, and how neurocognitive methods can best contribute to advancing design knowledge they run the risk of becoming a methodological novelty that does not deliver on its potential, and hinders rather than helps efforts to translate design insights into scientific and real-world impact. Thus, to realise the full potential of these methods it is necessary to, as a community, take a step back from questions of implementation and description, and seek to identify where best such methods can be used to create scientific and real-world impact.

Given the above need, this workshop aims to identify the major practice-based and scientific challenges where neurocognitive methods could allow for paradigm shifts in understanding not achievable via traditional approaches. The workshop will open with four short provocative presentations from experts in neurocognitive methods, design theory and practice, as well as from the neurocognition community. This will then be used as the basis for three facilitated discussions: identification of major scientific questions; identification of major practice-based questions; and distillation of the implications these pose for the future of neurocognitive methods in design research. These will be hybrid in-person/online to allow international participation and widespread impact within the community.

The target audience is both design cognition/neurocognition researchers, as well as design researchers dealing with human focused processes and theory, such as creativity and teamwork, where neurocognitive methods could disrupt current understanding.

The expected outcome of the workshop is a Miro board and encapsulation of key questions to be addressed by the field. It is envisaged that this could provide a jumping off point for further workshops, as well as potential for future special issues or thematic collections. Further, the outcome will provide a concrete foundation for future SIG activities.

Chairs:

• Dr. Marco Bertoni (Blekinge Institute of Technology, SWE)
• Prof. Yong Se Kim (University of Turku, FIN)

Organised by: DS Design of Product-Service Systems SIG

Workshop description:

PSS are often celebrated for their potential to reduce environmental impacts by diminishing resource consumption, raw material extraction and waste generation. By transitioning from to selling the benefits of a product rather than the actual product, some claim that companies are naturally eager to design for longevity, repair, recycling and remanufacturing - all of which entail improved overall environmental performance. Yet, PSS solutions do not always render such sustainability ‘gains’. For instance, many have observed that, when placed in a Product-as-a-Service business, products tend to last much less than their ‘one-sale’ counterpart, e.g. due to misuse and vandalism. Take-back systems have also been observed not to work as expected, often because the value of returning the hardware to the provider is not clear to the user.

The main goal of this workshop is to investigate the issue of how to ‘intentionally design’ PSS in a way to promote responsible consumption and resource preserving behaviours among consumers – two aspects that are discussed today by the research community as being the most significant contributors to sustainable development. The workshop targets both senior researchers and young investigators, featuring a mix of activities in a plenary session and in smaller groups. The workshop will kick-off with a keynote reviewing the concept of ‘responsible consumption’, showing examples of unsustainable PSS, followed up by a panel discussion on how PSS design activities are seen to affect consumer behaviour (alternatively, on how PSS can be designed to affect consumer behaviour and to provide consumer-led experiences that will foster responsible consumption with active engagement). Participants will be then divided in smaller groups – and provided with prototypical PSS ‘cases’ – to discuss more in detail how Product-Service Systems shall be ‘intentionally designed’ to foster responsible consumption. The results of the workshop will be summarized in form of a short white paper, as well as in form of a video that will be shared on YouTube and on the SIG webpage (pss.designsociety.org).

Chairs:

• Dr. Ian Whitfield (University of Strathclyde, GBR)
• Dr. Avril Thomson (University of Strathclyde, GBR)
• Dr. Ross Brisco (University of Strathclyde, GBR)
• Dr. Dorothy Evans (University of Strathclyde, GBR)

Organised by: DS Collaborative Design SIG

Workshop description:

Successful collaborative engineering practices have demonstrated significant benefits to industry: improving efficiency; eliminating rework due to information inconsistencies; managing complexity and automating parts of the collaborative design process. Despite these benefits, collaborative endeavours fail due to obstacles such as: sharing knowledge through ineffective communication methods; co-ordinating stakeholders with divergent objectives; managing teams with cultural and leadership differences; and configuring collaborative networks towards a long term and strategic vision. Changing innovation landscapes have the potential to radically advance collaborative practices to develop more user-centred, innovative, and customised products in a timelier manner.

Description of activities and expected outcomes:

The Collaborative Design SIG has run a series of workshops over recent years that have focussed on eliciting the factors that influence success within collaborative engineering design. The output of these workshops reflected the opinions of attendees that were grouped together, and more recently consolidated across all of the output into themes and contributing elements.

The focus of this series of workshops was to work towards the development of a causal loop diagram to illustrate the interconnectivity of the elements that have been captured to date. A draft causal loop of the factors that influence successful collaborative engineering design has been developed using the output from these workshops. The focus of the proposed workshop for DESIGN’22 will be to share this causal loop diagram within the workshop, and then critique and validate the relationships that it contains.

The workshop will consist of the following activities:

• Brief introduction to the CDSIG and overview of the focus and outcome of previous workshops.
• Presentation of the consolidated and themed influencing factors, and draft causal loop.
• Splitting into groups to critically assess proposed relationships, validating where appropriate, and identification and proposal of gaps.
• Identification of balancing and reinforcing loops.
• Wrap up and conclusion.

Participation will be entirely voluntary, and ethical data collection practices will be adopted throughout the experiment.

Chairs:

• Prof. Ola Isaksson (Chalmers University, SW)
• Prof. Eckhard Kirchner (Technische Universitat Darmstadt, DE)

Organised by: DS Design Practice SIG

Agenda :

• Inspiration Talks: SEW AG (Germany), Volvo Trucks (Sweden), :em AG (Germany), FAU Erlangen (Germany), University of Bristol (UK), Chalmers (Sweden)
• Workshop in groups
• Plenary discussion on the outcome
• Follow Up
• Expected Take Away: …publication, plan for conference, round table, potential partnerships

Workshop description:

The workshop will address the current ‘hot topic’ of Digital Twins. This is of great interest to researchers and practitioners alike.

The goal of the workshop is in line with the SIG mission and that is to bring academics, practitioners and students together to determine the current benefits and challenges of digital twins in practice, and to reveal the most pressing research questions to be addressed by academics. Some candidate questions include:

• What is a Digital Twin? Definition
• Current Research?
• How is it used and what are the current needs in industry?
• Opportunities and Challenges
• Evidence and best practices
• Gaps and way forward
• Getting into application of Digital Twins

The workshop will be moderated and facilitated by Design Practice SIG members.

A panel of distinguished and active researchers and practitioners will give a short presentation and then be asked to address pressing questions on this topic. Groups of attendees will be formed to address specific questions with a view to bring back a report to the group. The feedback will be synthesized into an article that will be published in an appropriate form. Continue the discussion in the DS Design Practice SIG.

Chair:

• Prof. Yvonne Eriksson (Mälardalen University, SWE)

Organised by: DS Human Behavior in Design SIG

Workshop description:

In design, there is an ongoing shift from the object to the user with his or her activities, abilities, and shortcomings as the subject of the design. This can be seen both as an effort to expand the design space, and as a response to shortcomings of existing design methods of how use and users are regarded in the design process. The special interest group Human Behaviour in Design (HBiD) has been formed to share information and experience in research and application related to behavior aspects of designing. The SIG is starting to investigate new research methods and approaches, with the main objective to strengthen and increase joint research activities within the international community. The workshop focuses on exploring knowledge about "user's behaviour" and "design in use" to generate solutions for:

• The designer’s knowledge: What things should the designer know to be able to act responsibly in relation to human behavior, i.e. to design experiences rather than to design the user? Design ethics, inclusive/universal design, behavioural design, human factors, socio-technology, or something else?
• The design approach: what design methods are useful for exploring human behaviour? What other disciplines might be beneficial to include in the design process, why, how and when?

Goal of the workshop is: How might DS HBiD SIG gather and spread such knowledge?

Chairs:

• Prof. Panos Papalambros (University of Michigan, USA)
• Prof. emer. Margareta Norell Bergendahl (KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SWE)
• Dr. Susanne Nilsson (KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SWE)
• Dr. Bernard Shibwabo (Strathmore University, KEN)

Organised by: DS Africa-Design Initiative

Workshop description:

Motivation

The proposed workshop builds on a particular finding of previous workshops at ICED 2019, DESIGN 2020, and ICED 2021: the need for mutual learning activities on design for sustainable development across countries and regions. As an example, previous workshop discussions led to the launch of Barazas, community-driven series of regular events where members of the design community take the leading role to plan out and hold a baraza (Swahili word for a public meeting place) in their own style. The first Baraza is on Health Care Systems Design for Sustainability on 10 Nov. 2021. Other modalities of mutual learning have been discussed including workshops, short courses, on-site local events, knowledge repositories, and leveraging multi-society activities where the design Society is a partner. The emphasis is on two-way learning across all participants in such events.

Objectives

The workshop’s objectives are: (i) brainstorm different modalities of mutual learning, from traditional education modes to innovative ones that make use of community resources and evolving technologies; (ii) prioritize such event modalities for the short and long term; (iii) develop an actionable plan and identify global teams that can undertake specific learning events.

Workshop Conduct

Preceding the workshop, we will invite the community to submit ideas in the form of short presentations or white papers. These will be incorporated into the program to seed discussions and brainstorming sessions.

Some specific topics to be addressed are:

• Learning experiences from Barazas conducted prior to the DESIGN workshops
• Topics for future Barazas and events in other modalities
• Coordinating with DS SIG events such as webinars and workshops
• Taking advantage of the new DS Exchange of instructional design modules
• Joint events between the DS and INCOSE
• Connecting, coordinating and co-sponsoring events by other organizations, such as academic
• institutions, business groups, and non-profits.

Chairs:

• Prof. Maaike Kleinsmann (Delft University of Technology, NL)
• Prof. Anja Maier (University of Strathclyde, GBR; Technical University of Denmark, DK)
• Prof. John Clarkson (University of Cambridge, UK)

Organised by: DS Health Systems Design SIG

Workshop description:

This workshop will explore the nature of health systems from the perspective of different national examples. With a focus on people, the discussions will be on the roles of information, technology and their relation to people and implications for a systems approach to design. The workshop will draw on the abundance of design knowledge and expertise within the Design Society and the clinical and health perspectives of non-DS members attending from our international meetings on Health Systems Design Research (HSDR). The workshop will be a combination of presentations, activities, and discussions. Plenty of time will be allowed for useful dialogue between the multiple disciplines and perspectives that we anticipate in attendance.

The Health Systems Design SIG was launched at DESIGN2020. The SIG is motivated by the fact that health is a critical component of every society and faces important challenges across the globe. Like the Design Society, the SIG embraces The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The work of the SIG is in line with the third SDG on ensuring healthy lives and promoting well-being for all at all ages. However, our interest in a systems approach, technology, people, and information means that we see several of the SDGs as interconnected. For example, good health is fundamental to one's ability to get the needed education (SDG 4) and therefore have access to a meaningful occupation (SDG 7), leading to reduced poverty (SDG 1) and hunger (SDG 2). This understanding drives our desire to engage with a wide range of disciplines as exemplified in our international meetings and the Africa Design initiative within the Design Society. Such collaborations are also in line with SDG 17

Agenda for the workshop is as follows:

• Welcome and introductions
• SIG update from the steering committee
• Presentation 1: Health Systems Design - Exploring perspectives
• Activity 1
• Presentation 2: Health Systems Design - People, Information & Technology
• Activity 2
• Open discussions
• Summary and next steps

Expected outcome of the workshop:

• A better understanding of the variations in health systems
• Valuable insights relevant to the opening chapters of the SIG book on Health Systems Design

Chair:

• Dr. Matthew Mueller, Manager of Education Innovation, PTC Education, US

Organised by: PTC Education

Description:

In addition to enabling teachers and students to access a professional CAD system on any device, Onshape’s cloud-native architecture allows researchers to access data about CAD models and how designers create them in a way that has never been possible before. In this session, you’ll learn more about how Onshape is fundamentally different than any other CAD platform and how engineers and scientists are leveraging newly accessible data to drive innovation. We will then lead an interactive demonstration and discussion to explore how cloud-native technology is revolutionizing design.